Rostock-mini: Round adjustable print bed

printbase_on_printer_closeup

The default rostock-mini design mounts the print bed directly to the base of the printer and adjusts the leveling of the hot end nozzle via three adjustment screws on the carriages that home the printer. This may work, but I wanted to make my round glass print bed removable (mounted via binderclips). I figured that if I was going to add an under-hanging lip for clipping purposes, I was going to need some space below it anyways, so I decided to make it adjustable with 3 screws at the same time. I mounted the adjustment knobs under the platform so that I only reduce the build volume by 5-10 mm total. This is my current platform design:
print_base

The rectangular areas are where binder clips attach. The holes in the rounded tabs are for a hex bolt and the two rectangular slots are for pins from a plastic piece that keeps the bolt head from turning.
print_base_and_assembled_hex_holders

(This allows a knob to turn on the bolt as a hight adjuster.) A piece of adhesive cork acting as insulation sits between this plate (which will be cut from 1/8″ birch plywood) and the glass build plate. The glass plate provides the structural rigidity and provides for a nearly flat build platform.

bolt_holder_knob_plate_adjustment_system

If you want to replicate this, all my design files are on Thingiverse, #63414.

Rostock-Mini: First Print

I finished the bowden tube extruder for my Rostock Mini build. It uses airtrippers V3 Bowden extruder for the coldend, a makergear hot end, and the rostock-mini hot-end holder.
rostock_hot_end
extruder_cold_end

I can actually print things with the rostock-mini, and say that I built a 3D printer using my (other) 3D printer. However, I have a lot of work to finish up before the printer is done (or even prints well). Now that I have all of the parts working together, I need to finalize the mounting position of everything, then I can laser cut the final 1/4″ acrylic top and bottom plate with all the appropriate mounting holes. I think I will be putting the airtripper extruder on the top plate, as opposed to under the body of the printer. I may also rig up a spool roller on the top as well. The 1/4″ acrylic (vs the current 1/8″ birch plywood) will give the printer a lot of needed rigidity. I also have to play with using the set screws on each carriage to adjust the height of the extruder head over the entire print surface, and determine exactly how I want to mount the glass build plate and bed heater.

Screwless Heart Gears for Valentines Day

I printed a copy of emmett’s screwless heart gears for Valentines Day in pink ABS. Depending upon how far the gears are rotated, it can look like a flying chicken, a toothy fish, or a heart.

pile_of_parts
flying_chicken

fish_face

heart

An example of why I really like the 3D printing community: People complained that it was hard to get the pins inserted into the plastic parts. So kcmelty designed a tool (3D printable of course) that made it easy to insert the pins.
pin_tool

3D printed 3D printer cable management

A lot of cables for my Prussa Mendel 3D printer can simply be clipped or zip-tied in place. However, some of the cables go to moving parts, and need to be able to move with the part. Of course, if your cables get wrapped around something, or kinked, this motion can break them. A common solution to this problem is a cable carrier, which is an articulated mechanism that keeps cables rolling back and forth smoothly in a defined position without excessive bending of any one point on the cable.
cable_carrier_topview

Landru designed a 3D printable cable carrier and Buback made a version that could be clipped around existing cables and didn’t need bridging to print. Finally, Yzorg made some mounting ends for the cable. I printed some Yzorg mounting ends and Buback cable sections and used them to hold the power and sensor cables for my heated build platform. The video at the top of the post shows it in action as the Y-carriage (and build platform) move. Now I just have to organize all the other cables….

cable_carrier_bottomview

Rostock Mini: Simulated Printing

I have the endstops, automated homing, and steps per mm set up correctly so that my rostock mini can run gcode and “print” an object. Of course, I still need a printbed, and an extruder cold / hot end before actual printing will happen. Also, I’m still using my 1/8″ plywood prototype frame pieces, so it wobbles around a lot with the vibrations. Once I finalize all of the mounting holes, etc, I’ll be switching out to a full 1/4″ acrylic sheet on the top and bottom.

Rostock Mini Rolling Frame

The biggest project that I am printing on my Prussa Mendel is all of the parts for a Rostock-mini which is a small footprint delta platform. Instead of having 3 different x/y/z axis, it has three identical towers that raise and lower carriages that are attached to the extruder platform by rods.
rolling_frame1

I choose to build this (2nd!) 3D printer for several reasons. First, I wanted a backup printer in case I broke something on my main printer. Second, the vertical design of the delta robots makes having a tall print volume very easy, and while the Rostock-mini will only be able to print in a 6×6 area, it can go up to 8 inches tall. My Prussa Mendel can do up to 8×8 inches, but is limited to objects of around 4 inches high. The only object so far where I have needed the full 8×8 build volume was the small organizer drawer which is longer than 6 inches, but I have several objects I want to print that are taller than 4 inches. Third, I really like the visual aesthetic of the delta mechanism, and wanted to have both types of printers. Finally, I wanted the experience of building the whole thing from scratch, sourcing all of the parts myself.

Brian Evans has done a very good job with the design on this printer, but the tolerances are very tight, so I needed to use a bit of trail and error when fitting everything together.

The motor & idler end use M3x12 screws to tighten the plastic around the vertical upright 8mm linear rods. When tight, the end of the screws don’t quite come all the way through the nut. I found it impossible to thread the screw into the nut until the plastic clamp was tight. I used a combination of M3x16 screws through the holes I wasn’t working on and a pair of plumbers (water-pump) pliers to get the plastic clamps close enough together so that I could thread the screw onto the nut. I recommend using a soldering iron to melt the hex nuts into the motor/idler ends to get an extra mm to make this easier. (However, watch out for my warning about threading into a melted on nut below…)
motor_end_closeup

The major issues I had when building the rostock-mini frame arose mostly from the universal joints in the carriages and platform. The instructions say to melt the M3 hex nuts into the carriage and platform until they are flush. They also say to drill out the holes with a 3/32 or #40 drill. I found that when using a 3/32 drill the M3 screws would self tap threads into the plastic, so if the nut was just slightly off center, tilted, or not at exactly the right level, it was terribly easy to cross-thread the screw into the nut and bind them together, inside your plastic part. I had to use a haxsaw on three stainless steel screws until I got smart and knocked all my nuts out. I would thread/tap the M3 screws into the plastic until they were just to the hex nut indentation, and THEN put the hex nut onto the screw and get them threaded in place. I don’t have a ball end hex screwdriver that lets you drive a socket cap screw from an angle. Because the space between the inner universal joint holders on the carriages and platform was too small for my allen wrench (hex key), I ended up driving these screws by gripping their head with a pair of pliers (about 5 degrees at a time), which is REALLY annoying if you forget to put a fender washer on.

platform_2.5carriages_ujoints_closeup

I suspect that you don’t need the M3 screws to self thread into the arms on either side of the u-joint, as the bolt/washer should hold them without plastic threads. I don’t know if you need the inside of the u-joint to be as tight as it is or not. If I were to build a 2nd one, I think I might drill out all holes not actually in the u-joints just slightly larger so that the M3 screws would clear without self taping threads. This would make assembly MUCH easier, and hopefully not introduce too much slop into the u-joints

I didn’t have any PTFE grease and couldn’t find any at the local hardware store, so I used spray on Tri-Flow which “contains PTFE” (I don’t know how much) but it appears to have made the u-joints move smoothly enough. I assembled the platform/rods/carriages before applying the lubricant (grease has the advantage that you can direct it exactly where you want it) and the entire mechanism was very tight before I sprayed all the joints with the lubricant. After spraying the joints everything worked much better.

Where does all the plastic go?

What have I been printing on my Prussa Mendel you ask? Why, I’m glad you asked…

One of the plastic pieces to a C9 LED Christmas light broke, so I designed and printed a replacement. The purple PLA plastic isn’t quite as translucent as the original, but I printed it thin enough so that plenty of light gets out.
Replacement C9 lightbulb two_red_bulbs

And then I printed a few things I found on Thingiverse, such as this polycup by WickedAndy
poly_cup

…and a few Taj Mahals by tc_fea
mini_taj_mahal

…and a few Stretchlets by emmett…
stretchlet2

…and a few replacment parts drawers for my shop organizer cabinets (by 67restomodder)…
organizer_drawer_mendel replacement_organizer_drawer

…and I added a fan to my 3D printer with loches’ maker gear fan mount bracket
fan_mounted

…and a few Maker Faire robots
robot_army

and mixed in with all of that, I also made a complete set of parts for a rostock mini, but I’ll tell you all about that in another post later on.
rostock_mini_tower_parts

Printing the Klein Bottle

klein bottle print

klein bottle finished
After building a few utilitarian objects I decided to really push the envelope of what my 3D printer could do. I wanted to build the Klein Bottle model by Dizingof as soon as I first saw it because it’s so cool looking.

In addition, it makes a great test print because it’s a very large STL file (23MB!) which takes forever to slice (84 minutes!) and produces a 14MB gcode script that takes a long time to even load and display in Pronterface. If you can slice and print this model, you can slice and print anything!

From a topography standpoint, it is challenging for a 3D printer for several reasons.

  • The area that touches the base plate is very small (unless you add a raft of material under it) so if you don’t have good adhesion of your first layer, the whole model may lift up and slide around.
  • It has lots of vertical holes that need to be bridged. Without a dual extruder system that uses support material, your printer needs to make use of gently increasing overhangs and sometimes just stretching strings of ABS from one side of the gap to the other.
  • Finally, it’s a tall thin model. Not quite as bad as the Empire State Building, but if you have excessive vibration you may find that the top of your print is jumping all over the place. Plus, at 102mm, it’s actually a few mm higher than the rated size of my Prusa Mendel’s build envelope. I made it work by taping straws over my frame rods so that the X-axis belt could slide over them without damage as it got to the very top and pushed beyond.

I have the overview movie stitched together from videos here:

And a video of the full 1 minute per frame timelapse here:

Of course, it didn’t work perfectly the first time….I had to start the Klein Bottle print about four times before I figured out the trick to get it to stick to the build plate. The trick was to zero my nozzle about a layer UNDER the build plate surface. (So that it was scraping the build plate…) Then, when starting the print, I manually held the build plate down about one layer thickness (just press down hard against the springs) as the very first layer of the klein bottle print is really very small (just the tips of the touchdown points) and then let the 2nd layer act as the “true” first layer. The second layer has a lot more surface area and sticks much better. Even then, if you have a bug in your gcode that lets the build plate cool down to 60 Centigrade instead of staying at 110, the print may eventually break off and start sliding around after several hours while you are not watching it and POOF, Carrot Top!

Failed Attempts at the Klein Bottle print ortions

Improving my printer recursively

The most common class of useful objects to print that you can find on Thingiverse are upgrades and accessories for 3D printers. Once you have a 3D printer working, you can improve upon it by printing more or better parts.

Wire Spool on Floor

Dislike having to manually unroll plastic filament and leave it laying on the floor for your printer? Add a few inline skate bearings to this Spool Roller STL file and you’ve got a snap on auto-rolling filament spool mount for your printer.

Snap On Spool Roller

Spool Roller

Having issues with wires going everywhere? Print a few snap on wire clips that will hold them to your frame rods…
Wire Clips

Is your Z-Axis end-stop too difficult to adjust? Print the parts to build an upgraded model (with $5 worth of parts from the hardware store) with a bit textured knob for easy adjustment.

End stop Parts

Adjustable z-endstop

Think your current printer is getting old? Have it print parts for the next generation printer….

Who has a 3D printer?

I built a Prusa Mendel RepRap printer from a kit sold by MakerGear. It took me 22 days working about 2-3 hours every other day to assemble the kit to a point where I can print parts. I still have some wire management to sort out, and I’ll probably eventually build a cabinet for it, but the basic printer is finished after around 25 hours of work. Here is an animated gif I made of the time-lapse photos of the assembly process.

Animated GIF of the build process

Animated GIF of the build process

My first print was a teardrop (the RepRap logo) shaped shot glass by raldrich.

Teardrop Shot Glass

Next up….printing all of the cool additions, upgrades, and add-on’s for my 3D printer, plus a box of spare parts.